Terraform is an open-source infrastructure as code (IaC) software tool created by HashiCorp. It allows users to define, provision, and manage infrastructure using a declarative configuration language known as HashiCorp Configuration Language (HCL), or optionally JSON.

Features of Terraform

• Declarative Language: You describe the desired state of the infrastructure, and Terraform figures out how to achieve that state.
• Provider Ecosystem: Terraform is platform-agnostic and has an extensive collection of plugins called "providers" for various cloud platforms and services like AWS, Azure, GCP, and many others.
• State Management: Terraform maintains a state file that represents the actual state of the resources in the cloud. This allows Terraform to determine the differences between the current state and the desired state.
• Modular and Reusable: Terraform configurations can be modularized, promoting code reuse.
• Plan & Apply: Before making changes, Terraform provides a plan command that shows what actions it will take. The apply command is then used to apply those changes.
• Immutable Infrastructure: Instead of modifying existing resources, Terraform provisions new resources based on the changes in the configuration.